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菌/藻/酶类junzaomeilei

蓝藻

时间:2020-12-16 20:19 阅读:582 来源:朴诺健康研究院

蓝藻

蓝藻的功能

螺旋藻在蓝藻属中较为常见,它是一类拥有1500个种类的水生植物。最常见的用于人类的两种是极大螺旋藻和钝顶螺旋藻。螺旋藻富含蛋白质和类胡萝卜素、维生素、矿物质和必需脂肪酸。[1]

螺旋藻所含的维生素B12人类并不能摄入[2]。大多数研究认为螺旋藻和其他蓝藻补充品可作为营养品而不是用于科学研究。试管试验和动物试验均证实螺旋藻及其提取物中含有的物质具有抗氧化[3]、抗病毒[4 5]、抗癌[6 7 8 9]、抗过敏[10 11]、增强免疫力[12  13  14]、保肝[15 16 17]、血管舒张[18]和降低血脂[19 20]等作用。

 一个小样本的对照试验发现肥胖人群每天服用8.4克的螺旋藻4周后可以减少平均3磅的重量,而服用安慰剂则只减了1.5磅。尽管这一作用及其对血压和胆固醇的作用在这一试验中并不十分明显。[21]但之后的对照试验却发现每天服用4.2克的螺旋藻,8周后可以轻微降低血液中胆固醇浓度,而甘油三酯、血压和体重则变化不明显。[22]

蓝藻的分布

蓝藻生长于湖泊中,特别是富含盐类的水中。分布于美国中南部和非洲。它也能种植在户外的容器中以供生产营养补充剂之用。

螺旋藻认为与以下疾病有关(以下所有信息适用于个体化健康情况):

分类健康情况
其它减肥

首选 有可靠和相对一致的科研数据证明其对健康有显著改善。

次选 各有关科研结果相互矛盾、证据不充分或仅能初步表明其可改善健康状况或效果甚微。

其它 对草药来说,仅有传统用法可支持其应用,但尚无或仅有少量科学证据可证明其疗效。对营养补充剂来说,无科学证据支持和/或效果甚微。

哪些人可能会缺乏蓝藻?

因为它不是必需营养素,因此并不会缺乏。可是,对于那些每天摄入较少植物性食物的人服用蓝藻可以获得类胡萝卜素和其他营养素。因为它含有丰富的蛋白质,所以可以用于健康饮食。可是,为了补足营养仍需要服用大量的蓝藻。

一般需要多少螺旋藻?

蓝藻可以制成粉剂、片剂或胶囊。厂商的常用推荐剂量为每天2000~3000毫克。可是,试验中却发现对于动物每天至少需要34克、人类则需要150磅才有帮助。

是否有副作用和药物相互作用?

关于蓝藻的副作用很少报道。可是,蓝藻会从污水中吸收大量重金属(如汞和镉)[23],服用会在人体内蓄积。[24]市场上出售的蓝藻也检出含有动物毛发和昆虫碎片[25]。另一种常见蓝藻,水华束丝藻发现含有毒素[26]。少数报道会出现过敏反应。动物试验证实怀孕期服用是安全的。[27 28 29]

一项个案报道发现一男性服用蓝藻后导致肝损害。[30]但他同时还服用另外三种处方药。到目前为止还不清楚它对肝脏是否有损害。

到目前为止,还不知道蓝藻与其他药物间是否有相互作用。

参考文献

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