核糖

核糖

核糖的功能

核糖是在机体内由葡萄糖转化成的另一种形式的糖。核糖在RNA、DNA以及能量来源物质ATP（三磷酸腺苷）的合成过程中发挥重要作用。通过以前的动物和人类试验发现，核糖补充剂在心脏或机体其他部位缺氧状态下可以加速肌肉细胞内ATP的再利用。^{[1 2 3 4]}

核糖的分布

核糖在许多植物性食物或动物器官中少量分布。

核糖认为与以下疾病有关（以下所有信息适用于个体化健康情况）：

哪些人可能会缺乏？

核糖不是必需营养素，所以不存在缺乏。

一般需要多少核糖？

运动补充时推荐每天1~10克。

是否有副作用和药物相互作用？

在服用少于每天10克的核糖剂量下还没有关于它的副作用报道。大剂量服用会导致胃肠道反应如腹泻，^[5]还可能会降低血糖水平，^[6]尽管还不知道是否会导致低血糖。

到目前为止，还不知道它与其他药物之间有无相互关系。

参考文献

1. Minter MM. Agranulocytic angina: Treatment of a case with fetal calf spleen. Texas State J Med 1933;2:338–43.

2. Gray GA. The treatment of agranulocytic angina with fetal calf spleen. Texas State J Med 1933;29:366–9.

3. Greer AE. Use of fetal spleen in agranulocytosis: preliminary report. Texas State J Med 1932;28:338–43.

4. Volk HD, Eckert R, Diamantstein T, Schmitz H. Immunorestitution by a bovine spleen hydrosylate and ultrafiltrate. Arzneimittelforschung 1991;41:1281–5.

5. Hartleb M, Leuschner J. Toxicological profile of a low molecular weight spleen peptide formulation used in supportive cancer therapy. Arzneimittelforschung 1997;47:1047–51.

6. Fridkin M, Najjar VA. Tuftsin: its chemistry, biology, and clinical potential. Crit Rev Biochem Mol Biol 1989;24:1–40 [review].

7. Singh VK, Biswas S, Mathur KB, et al. Thymopentin and splenopentin as immunomodulators. Current status. Immunol Res 1998;17:345–68 [review].

1. Zimmer HG, Ibel H, Suchner U, Schad H. Ribose intervention in the cardiac pentose phosphate pathway is not species-specific. Science 1984;223:712–4.

2. Zimmer HG, Ibel H. Ribose accelerates the repletion of the ATP pool during recovery from reversible ischemia of the rat myocardium. J Mol Cell Cardiol 1984;16:863–6.

3. Kavazis AN, Sobota JS, Kivipelto J, et al. Ribose supplementation in maximally exercising Thoroughbreds. Equine Vet J Suppl 2002;34:191–6.

4. Pauly DF, Pepine CJ. D-Ribose as a supplement for cardiac energy metabolism. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol Ther 2000;5:249–58.

5. Gross M, Reiter S, Zollner N. Metabolism of D-ribose administered continuously to healthy persons and to patients with myoadenylate deaminase deficiency. Klin Wochenschr 1989;67:1205–13.

6. Gross M, Zollner N. Serum levels of glucose, insulin, and C-peptide during long-term D-ribose administration in man. Klin Wochenschr 1991;69:31–6.